A Star-Delta Starter is a motor-starting method used mainly for three-phase induction motors to reduce the high starting current. When the motor starts, its windings are connected in Star (Y), applying a lower voltage to each winding and reducing the starting current and torque; after the motor accelerates to a suitable speed, a timer changes […]
Category: Electrical
Torque–Speed Characteristics
The Torque–Speed Characteristics of a motor describe the relationship between the torque produced by a motor and its rotational speed. At starting, the motor develops a high starting torque while its speed is zero; as the motor accelerates, the speed increases and the available torque generally decreases. The characteristic curve helps engineers understand starting performance, […]
Torque Production in an Induction Motor
⚡ Torque Production in an Induction Motor Interactive demonstration of rotating magnetic field, slip, rotor current and electromagnetic torque ⚙ Motor Controls Frequency 50 Hz Rotor Speed 1350 rpm Voltage 415 V Rotor Resistance 0.50 Ω Number of Poles 2 poles4 poles6 poles8 poles ▶ START Ⅱ PAUSE ↻ RESET Synchronous Speed Ns = 120f […]
Slip and Rotor Speed
Slip and Rotor Speed Simulation ⚡ Slip & Rotor Speed Simulator Interactive induction motor demonstration Motor Controls Frequency 50 Hz Number of Poles 4 Slip 5 % ▶ Start Ⅱ Pause ↻ Reset Synchronous Speed Ns = 120 × f / P Slip s = (Ns − Nr) / Ns Rotor Speed Nr = Ns […]
Different Complex Waveform
⚡ Different Complex Waveform Simulator Combine two different waveforms and observe the resulting complex signal. Waveform 1 Sine WaveSquare WaveTriangle WaveSawtooth Wave Waveform 2 Sine WaveSquare WaveTriangle WaveSawtooth Wave Amplitude 1: 1.0 Amplitude 2: 0.6 Frequency 1: 1.0 Hz Frequency 2: 3.0 Hz Phase 1: 0° Phase 2: 0° ⏸ Pause ↺ Reset 🌈 Harmonic […]
Voltage build up of shult Generator
⚡ Voltage Build-Up of a Shunt Generator Interactive demonstration of residual magnetism → field excitation → rising terminal voltage Generator Speed 1500 rpm Field Resistance 80 Ω Residual Magnetism 25% ▶ Start Build-Up ⏸ Pause ↺ Reset Generator & Magnetic Field Terminal Voltage 0 V 0% of final voltage Ready: Start the generator to observe […]
Line Voltage for a Start Connected System
In a star (Y) connected three-phase system, the line voltage is the voltage measured between any two line conductors, while the phase voltage is measured between a line conductor and the neutral point. For a balanced system, the line voltage is 3\sqrt{3} times the phase voltage, expressed as VL=3VphV_L=\sqrt{3}V_{ph}. The line voltage also leads its […]
Effect of Harmonics on Measurement of Inductance
Harmonics can significantly affect the measurement of inductance because practical inductors do not have the same impedance at all frequencies. When a voltage or current waveform contains harmonic components, each harmonic experiences a different inductive reactance, XL=2πfLX_L=2\pi fL, so the measured voltage, current, and phase angle may no longer represent the fundamental-frequency inductance accurately. Core […]
VFD
Interactive VFD Simulation ⚡ Interactive Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) Simulation AC Supply → Rectifier → DC Link → PWM Inverter → 3-Phase Induction Motor 1. VFD Power Conversion AC SUPPLY 400 V / 60 Hz → RECTIFIER AC → DC → DC LINK 540 V DC → PWM INVERTER 4 kHz → 3-PHASE MOTOR Induction […]
UPS and inverter problems – Harmonics
UPS & Inverter Harmonics Simulation Effect of harmonics on UPS and inverter systems 🔌 UPS / Inverter Power System AC Supply 50 Hz → Rectifier → DC Bus → Inverter → Electronic Load 📈 UPS / Inverter Waveform ● Fundamental 50 Hz ● Distorted waveform The cyan waveform contains harmonic components and therefore deviates […]